Effect of Some Environmental Factors on Incidence and Severity of Angular Leaf Spot of Cotton in Yola and Mubi, Adamawa State, Nigeria

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Effect of Some Environmental Factors on Incidence and Severity of Angular Leaf Spot of Cotton in Yola and Mubi, Adamawa State, Nigeria [ICAS 2015]
DOI: 10.4236/wjet.2015.33B004 PP.19 - 25
Author(s)
N. Z. Tuti, H. Nahunnaro, K. Ayuba
ABSTRACT
Environmental factors such as relative humidity and rainfall generally have been found to increase the incidence, rate of spread and severity of diseases thereby reducing yield of crops. Study was conducted on five cotton varieties, which were artificially inoculated with bacterial blight pathogen to determine the effects of rainfall and relative humidity on incidence and severity of angular leaf spot (ALS) and yield of seed cotton in Yola and Mubi. Results showed that the severity of ALS was higher in Yola (58.65%) at 13 WAS assumed to be due to higher relative humidity range of 76% - 87% and low rainfall of 2 - 40.6 mm. This is assumed to have favoured disease development as against that of Mubi location which recorded lower severity (51.11%) due to lower relative humidity (42% - 55%) and rainfall (37 - 73 mm). Results further revealed that at 13 WAS, SAMCOT-8 had low incidence (66%) and severity (39%) in Yola. This was against the much higher corresponding incidence and severity of 82% and 42% respectively that was observed in Mubi during the same period. SAMCOT-10 and SAMCOT-9 varieties were found to be highly susceptible to the disease at the same period. SAMCOT-8 recorded the highest yield of 390.00 kg?ha?1 in Yola and 868.09 kg?ha?1 in Mubi while the lowest yields of 227.17 kg?ha?1 was observed on SAMCOT-10 in Yola while 461.61 kg?ha?1 was obtained on SAMCOT-9 in Mubi. The variation in yield among these varieties might be due to the differences in their reactions to the disease. There is a need to conduct further trials in these locations to confirm the level of resistance or other aspects of these varieties to the disease.
KEYWORDS
Angular Leaf Spot, Cotton, Rainfall, Relative Humidity, Disease Incidence and Disease Severity
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